Improvement in sleeping-cars



'4,Sheets-Sheet L Patented Aug. 14,1877.

N'PEERS. P'HOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

UNITED S'rAIAEs Primm1 EUGENE P. KELLOGG, or NEW YORK, N'QY.

l l |MPRovi-:lvualxir` iN SLi-:ePme-CARS,` -"1 Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 194,164, dated August 14,1871 application filed., i

June22,187.7. f f

of the city and county of New York, and State ofiNew York, have invented certain new and usel'ul Improvements in Sleeping-Gars; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which `will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the. accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form-a part of this specification.

Ina patent granted to me September 21, 1875, No. 168,027, I have described certain improvements involving a new construction, combinations, and devices for converting a sleeping-car for night travelV into a parlor-v chair car `for day travel. v My present invention involves several important particulars and matters of improve ment on my said patent, to obtain certain advantages` by new construction, combinations, and devices. i

In my said patent the change for sleeping and day or parlor cars was effected by shifting the chair-pedestals on one side-of the car from the ends of the permanent side seats to the center or middleA of `said seats to obtain the necessary passage-waybetween the chairs for day travel, and in the formation of sleepin gberths these pedestals on one side were shifted back to positions opposite the ends of the side seats, in order to form base-sections upon which to rear stanchions or posts to form the lower and upper berths at night.

One object of my present invention is to y avoid the shifting of the pedestals byfixing them opposite the side seat ends on both sides ofthe car, and in alternate positions to leave a free passage-awaywhen used with chairs.` .1

This advantage is obtained by a new construction, arrangement, and'organization of the permanent side seats, vend closets, and rooms. The chairs and the stanchions are detachable from the pedestals, and are usedinterchangeably for the purpose stated.

The end divisions for the berths are formed by a new device, consisting of a wall-curtain adapted to roll and be concealed in a recess in the car-wall, andto be drawn therefrom for use in a straight line at right anglesto the car-wall. It is` mounted upon and carried by l a spring-roll, which draws'itfinto place when not in use. It is drawn out Y`for use between the end rails of the upper berth, and in avertical line with the 'ends of thepermanent side seats, and in. connection with detachable or extensible endlboards of said seats. Such wall# curtain forms the partition for both the upperand lower berths, and is secured inany suitable way to the berth-stanchions, so that the rolling partitions are not only combined ywith the car-wall to receive and conceal them,

4but with the :side-seat ends, their extension'- boards, the upper berths,.an`d thestan'chions, giving a simple, quick, and compact way'of forming end inclosures for` the berths, 'and rolling the same straight back `inthe .wall` when the berthfsections are taken down. v The lower berths are ventilated by dues formed 4in the car-wall-one or `more iiues tol each; secf` ton-having-itslower end opening at the posts are secured in the` pedestal-socketsfand" to top brackets, and the front and end rails are securedto the stanchionsby dovetail connections. Each upper berth has separate end rails, and all the' berths can be made-up at onceor. separately, if desired.

`A more particular and detailed description of these several matters will begiven hereinafter. ,Referring tothe drawings, Figure l, Sheet 1, represents an interior view of aportion offa car, showing on one side two sections of sleepingberths,\and on the other side the arrangement of the parlor-chairs and long xed side seats; Fig. 2, same sheet, a horizontal section of a portion of the car-wall, showingtherolling wall-curtain partition drawn out in :position between the end rails ofthe upper yberth and secured to the stanchions; Fig. 3, VSheet 2, a cross-section of the car with the berths arranged for night travel; Fig. 4, same sheet, a similar section, showing the arrangement of the chairs andthe fixed side seats for day travel; Fig. 5, Sheet 3, a vertical longitudinal section with the berths arranged for night travel; Fig. 6, same sheet, a horizontal section, showing the rolling wall-curtain drawn ont and secured to the-stanchions; Fig. 7, same sheet, a similar view, showing the wallcurtain rolled up on its roll into its wall-rethe end rail of the upper berth; and Fig. 16, y

a Vdetail section lof the chair and pedestal.

The car is constructed with fixed side seats A, of a length equal to that of a sleepingberth,- so as to lorm sofas and allow of their being readily converted into lower berth s, the seat-frames being ladapted for such purpose and for storage of the parts forming the upper berths. The manner of arranging these side seats has peeuliarrelation to the conversion ofthe car from berthsections into a parlorchair car by means of fixed pedestals B, adapted for use alternately with chair-seats, with a free passage-way and stanchions or posts C for the sleeping-sections. The pedesrooms at each endon alternate sides of the car only, inward thedistance of half a `section, or--about three feet, which will bring the inner wall end D2 ot' such rooms on one side of the car oppositeto the middle of the berth on the opposite side of the car, and thus bring the linesof seats or `berths at each end of the car farther inward on one side vat one end, anden the other side atthe opposite end of the car. 4

By this construction the sleeping-sections are of the usual length in connection with the end rooms, but these rooms extend at both ends and` on alternate sides of the car a distaneefof halt' a section further into the car than heretofore, to obtain the advantage of arranging the fixedpedestals -opposite the seat Aends on both sides of the car, with a free passage-way through the car when the chairs Eare used.

This arrangement also brings the chairs opposite the seat ends D, and leaves the long side seats A comparatively free.

The pedestals are secured tothe car-Hoor by base-anges, and have socket ends to receive swivelpins of thechairs, as shown in Fig. 16. In making up the sleeping-sections, the

stanchions or posts G are reared uponl the pedestals B,and secured in position at the top by a bracket, F, secured to the roof of the ca1.""The lower ends of the stanchions have shouldered iiattened ends G, Fig. 11, and the shouldered socketends B2 of the pedestals have side openings a, into which the flattened ends are inserted sidewise, -and secured by a collar or sleeve, H, fitted to slide over the junction of the joining parts and to rest upon the shoulder of the pedestal. The collar H is held from turning bya screw, b, passing through it into a'slot in the stanchion, and it lis also provided with three arms or projec. tions, c 02, on which the lower bed I and end partition J are supported.

The upper ends of the stanchions are socketed to receive the shoulderedlends d, Fig. 10, of the brackets F, and thus the stanchions are held securely at both-ends; but any suitablemeans may be adapted for joining and fastening them in place, and allow of their easy removal.

Each stanchion or post has, near the middle of its length, a shoulder formation or enlarge-3 ment, K, upon which the front and end rails L M of the upper berthare supported.

These shoulder enlargements K have vertical these end rails are also provided with dove tail tongues f, which-fit into corresponding socketopenings c2, formed in plates secured to the car-wall, as shown in Figs. l and 15.

The upper berth bottomsl N are supported by cleats or brackets g on the inner sides of thev end rails M. j y

This arrangement of separate and distinct end rails gives the advantage ofvmakingup each lberth independent `of the other, and at difterenttimes, or all at once.

The upper berth N is formed by taking 'themI cushions of the long side seats A, and supporting them upon the cleats or brackets g of the separate end rails 5 while the lower berth I is formed by a folding bed or mattress, sup-` ported upon the long seat-frame l2 and projections c2 on the opposite sides ofI the stanchion collar or sleeve. When not in use it is stowed away in the long side-seat frame l2. The ends D of thel long side seats A are formed with double walls, or spaces between-v the joining ends of said seats, for thereception ot' a detachable board or panel, J, which vis used in connection with the side-seatzends D to close the'ends of the lower berth, as shown in Fig. 8. This panel Jl is made -totheslidi'ng collar orsleevel H of the stanchion.`

, When so secured it forms an extension of the seat end, and partitions the. berths at this point only as high as theseat end. From this line the end partitions forthe lower and upper 'berths are formed by rolling-wall cur tains or partitions P, Figs. 2, 3, andd-tliat is to say, a curtain or partition that unrollsoutward fromV thel wallQ, and forms a junction with thel stanchion or post U-and is `drawn into the wall out of the way when not required for use, so that these end partitions are formed andunformed by being operated in straight lines at right angles'tov the car-wall. They are ,composed of flexible material, andare mounted upon vertical spring-rolls't, fitted in -bearin gs in recesses j in. the car-wall, and suitably covered; or each curtain may be mounted with its roll in a suitable case or inclosure ou the side of the wall, a vertical slot, k, being only necessary, through which to draw out and return the curtain. A hand-rod, l, is attached to the outer edge ofthe curtain P by which to operate it and to form a stop to keep it from being drawn into the case, and also by which to secure it to the stanchion or post when drawn out to cover the end of the berth. When in use, it forms a vertical extension of the seat ends D and its adjustable panel J, and closes with the stanchions with which its hand-rod is fastened at its top by a loop, m, or other device, and inserted at its lower end into a hole, n, Fig. 3, in the top edge of the adjustable panel J The roll is so mounted, and its spring-connection is such, that it constantly tends to wind or roll the curtain, so that it is only necessary to draw out the curtain in making up the berths and fasten the hand-rod l, and in taking down the berths the curtain-rod is simply released from its fastenings and it at once returns to its roll by the action of the spring, and is out of the way.

Now, this arrangement admits of using the curtain in the small space between the end rails M ofthe upper berths, as shown in Fig. 2, and allows the curtains to be drawn out after the upper and lower berths are made,

.and to be rolled up out of the way in taking down the berth. This construction gives greater convenience and facility in working, and protects the curtains from liability to be torn and 'damaged in handling the several parts by which the berths are formed.

The roof-brackets F carry a horizontal rod, R, between them, from which hang a pair of front curtains, S, for the upper berth, while the front rail L carries a rod for curtains T for the lower berths. These curtains are hung by hooks and eyes, to be folded and drawn out upon the rods. usual top ventilation.` l

For Ventilating the lower berthsia vertical `ilue, U, isformed in the car-wall, between theI windows,`and opens into` the car just above `the lower bed, with a register, V, as shown in Figs. Land Theseues U open on the outside, at or near theitopp of the car, and the movement of the cars draws the air from the lower berths up through the dues. ters are closed when desired. i i

The cushions for the longside seats are formed with V-separate backs A', which are supported upon broad ledges q, and the seats are ltted up against them. When not in use,

vthe stanchions, front and end rails, and the bed for the lower berth are all stowed away into the box formed by the `frame l2 of the` 'long side seats, and the cushions which were usedfor theupperlberth are returned to their places to l form the side seats. `Revolving-` or other` chairs E are mounted upon the fixed pedestals B, in positions opposite the side-seat arms D, and a parlorwda'y-car is thus formed for day travel. y

When adapted for sleeping-berths the arrangement of the fixed pedestals brings the halt of each section on one side of the car opposite to the half of each section on the opposite side of the car, and by this means I obtain a iixed arrangement of chair-pedestals on both sides, witha clear passageway through the car.

The parlor-chairs, consisting of the seat and back, are removed from the pedestals and stowed in any suitable place when converting the car for night travel, the pedestals serving as the chair-supports or as the stanchion basesections in adapting a parlor-chair car as a sleeping-car, as stated.

In convertible sleepin g and parlor cars fixed pedestals have been used for chair seats and supports for the lower berth bottom. In such cars folding partitions, to form the ends of the berths, have been used, hinged together so as to be folded into recesses formed in raised panels, such folding partitions being held'in` grooves by pins entering slots in the top and bottom of the recess, and adapted to be moved in said slots in position to form the partitions, or to be folded into the recess, the sections of the partitions'folding one upon the other as they are entered into the wall recess.

I claim- 1. In a convertible sleeping and parlor car, the combination, with the opposite side-seat ends D, arranged in fixed alternate positions, the seat ends on one side being opposite the middle of the seats on the other side, of the pedestals B, fixed in positions on a line with the alternating seat ends, and the stanchions or berth-posts adapted for use with saidl fixed pedestals, as herein set forth.

2. In a sleeping-car, the combination., with the berth-frames, of end partitions rolled upon a revolving roll iu a wall recess, and adapted The upper berths have the,`

`The regis.`

slot to permit of the travel of a rolling and f unrolling curtain or partition retracted by a spring-roll within the recess, and stopped at the slot --by a hand rod or stay, as set forth.

tain Or partition for sleeping-berths, with the ,Y tains are fastened when drawn out.

ends of the fixed side seats, the berth-suprails, as set forth.

to be drawn out door-like therefrom to form berth-end partitions, and to roll back out Of the way when released.

3. A wall recess or case having a vertical 4. The combination of a traveling wall curends of the fixed side seats and berth-sup` porting stanchions Or posts, to which said cur- 5. The combination of a traveling wall curtain Or partition for sleeping-berths with the porting stanchions Or posts, and lthe detachable end boards Or partitions Of the lower berths.

6. The combination, with separate end rails for the berths, Of a traveling wall curtain, adaptedto bedrawn out and retracted between, above, and below said separate end 7. The lower berth of a sleeping-Oar, ventilated by means of a wall-iue, U, between the windows, and having a registered Opening, V, in said berth, and an outlet opening, 10,011 the outside of the said wall at or near the top of the car, as set forth.

8. The shouldered stanchion enlargement K, having vertical dovetail sockets e on three of its sides, in combination with the dovetail tongues f of the front and separate end rails L M, as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The stanchion-sleeve H, having the holding-pin h, in combination with the adjustable end partitions J, for holding the latter in place, as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have aflixed my signature in presence Of two witnesses.

EUGENE P. KELLOGG.

Witnesses:

A. E. H. JOHNSON, .J. W. HAMILTON J OHNsON, 

